anand law classes

  The Factories Act, 1948 Q. 1 Discuss the main safety provisions of the Factories Act, 1948. What are hazardous processes ? OR Discuss the provisions relating to safety of workers in factories y involving hazardous processes as contained in the Act. OR What precautions the Factories Act provide for the safety of the workers working on the machines?   Ans. The Factories Act, 1948 deals with safety and security measures under Chapter IV (Sections 21 to 41). Safety is the basic and primary requirement in a factory to secure the body, mind and life of the workers and smooth and proper working. We will discuss these measures one by one   (1 ) Fencing of Machinery.-According to Section 21 , the following shall be securely fenced by safeguards of substantial construction. When the machinery are in motion   (i) Every moving part of prime mover, and every fly wheel connected to prime mover.  (ii) The Head-race and tail race of every water wheel a...

  THE EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION ACT, 1923   Q 1.  Define the following terms as understood in the Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923   (1) Dependant (2) Employer (3) Partial disablement (4) Total disablement (5) Employee (6) Occupational Diseases   Ans. (1) Dependant .-Dependant means any of the following relatives of a deceased employee, namely,   (a) A widow (Ravuri Kulayya v. D. Nagawardhanamma, AIR 1962 A.P. 42) , a minor legitimate or adopted son, an married legitimate or adopted daughter, or a widowed mother; A child in the womb of the mother at the time of death is deemed his dependant. After birth he may claim compensation. But if the claim is made after 29 year, i.e., later on being major, it is not acceptable. [Project Officer, Giddi Hazaribagh v. Sanjay Prasad Chaurasia and others, (2005) LLJ 891(Jharkhand)]. Madras High Court has held the widowed sister of the deceased is entitled to get compensation, if she was wholly depe...

  What is PREVIOUS YEAR [SEC.3]   For the purpose of this Act ‘Previous Year’ means the financial year immediately preceding the Assessment Year. Income earned in a year is assessed in the next year. The year in which income is earned is known as Previous Year and the next year in which income is assessed is known as Assessment Year. It is mandatory for all assessee to follow financial year (from 1st April to 31st March) as previous year for Income-Tax purpose. Financial Year According to sec. 2(21) of the General Clauses Act, 1897, a Financial Year means the year commencing on the 1st day of April. Hence, it is a period of 12 months starting from 1st April and ending on 31st March of the next year. It plays a dual role i.e. Assessment Year as well as Previous Year. Example: Financial year 2020-21 is –   • Assessment year for the Previous Year 2019-20; and   • Previous Year for the Assessment Year 2021-22. What is Financial year A Financial year (FY) is a...